Feeding management and health care of laying hens in summer

With the advent of the minor heat and the great heat, the heat of dog days has a greater impact on laying hens. In dog days, the highest temperature in a day is generally 34-36 degrees, and it is even higher in some areas. In addition, there is too much rain in summer. More, the humidity in the air is somewhere between 70-90%, which also has a great impact on the heat dissipation of the chicken flock.

1. Feeding, feed formula adjustment and drinking water precautions.

Due to the hot weather at noon, the feed intake of chickens decreases, especially at two o'clock in the afternoon, when the temperature is the highest in the day, so feeding should generally be avoided during the period from 12 o'clock to 4 o'clock in the afternoon.

In summer, 3 feeding methods are generally used. The feeding time is selected at 4-5 o'clock in the morning, 10-11 o'clock before the hot weather, and 5-6 o'clock in the afternoon. The chicken eats evenly. If you feed twice a day, at 5 o'clock in the morning and at 5 o'clock in the afternoon, the empty feed time in the middle will be too long. During the period from noon to 4 o'clock in the afternoon, due to not eating, the body's blood sugar will be too low, causing hypoglycemia syndrome in chickens. It can also sometimes cause death (especially in ill-health

chickens).

1）. Increase energy

Adding oil to the feed can change the palatability of the feed, prolong the residence time of the feed in the digestive tract, and improve the feed intake and digestion and absorption of laying hens. During heat stress, the appropriate amount of fat added to the feed is 1%, and the corresponding amount of corn is reduced by 2-3%, but fat is easy to oxidize and deteriorate, so antioxidants should be added at the same time as fat is added to the diet, such as ethoxyquin kind.

2）. The protein raw material should not be too high

During heat stress, the traditional way is often to make up for the lack of protein intake of laying hens by increasing the percentage of crude protein raw materials in the feed. However, the heat generated by protein metabolism is much higher than that of carbohydrates and fats, which increases the metabolic production in the body. Therefore, when adjusting the feed formula, the percentage of protein raw materials should not be increased, but the feed raw materials with high protein concentration should be increased. Therefore, it is recommended reducing the amount of raw materials with low protein utilization such as miscellaneous meal in the diet, and at the same time appropriately increase the amount of animal protein feed such as the fish meal to ensure the balance of amino acids in the feed, and at the same time increase protein such as the soybean meal that is easy to digest and has high utilization. Raw material content. Through adjustment, the protein is 1-2% higher than usual, which is used to supplement the protein deficiency caused by the decrease in the feed intake in summer, and the egg weight is reduced.

In order to improve the utilization rate of protein and ensure its nutritional needs, essential amino acids should be added according to the dietary amino acid conditions. Some studies have found that methionine and lysine can relieve heat stress. They are two basic amino acids that must be added, generally in the original Add 10-15% on the basis of the diet, so that the addition amount reaches 360 mg of methionine and 720 mg of lysine per chicken per day, and pay attention to maintaining the balance of amino acids.

3）. Mineral adjustment

Heat stress can affect eggshell quality (eggshell thinning and brittleness), so the ratio of calcium and phosphorus in the summer ration formula should be adjusted according to the magnitude of the decrease in the feed intake. If the calcium and available phosphorus levels in other seasons is 3.5% and 0.36% respectively, the calcium and available phosphorus levels should be adjusted to 3.8% and 0.39% or more. In principle, the adjusted level of calcium should not exceed 4%, and the adjusted level of available phosphorus should not exceed 0.42%, because too high levels of calcium can create a hyperosmolar environment in the intestinal environment, resulting in diarrhea. Attention should also be paid to the supply granularity for the calcium source, preferably 2/3 is granular (the small fingernails are divided into four and a half), and the phosphorus source is also best to use granular phosphorus sources.

In addition, excretion of minerals in feces and urine increases under conditions of heat stress. Heat stress will affect the absorption of MN, S, Se, Co, Mg and other ions, and their requirements will increase, so the content in the feed should be increased correspondingly according to the reduction in dietary intake.

4）. Vitamin adjustment

Heat stress has a greater impact on the absorption of vitamin E, vitamin C and B vitamins, and the amount added in summer should be adjusted to 2-3 times the normal amount. Because VC has an important relationship with the formation of eggshells, it should be added at least 200 g/ton, and it will have no effect if it is less. Therefore, attention should be paid to increasing the content of vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin B6 and vitamin B12 to promote the absorption of calcium and phosphorus by chickens. HSBC's chelating activator is suitable for laying hens in different seasons.

5）. Regulate electrolyte balance

Generally, the concentration of potassium chloride is 0.15-0.30%. At the same time, adding 0.3-0.5% baking soda to the feed can reduce defective eggs by 1-2%, increase the egg production rate by 2-3%, increase the thickness of the eggshell, and improve the utilization rate of protein in the diet, but it should be properly reduced. The amount of salt used.