Breeder chicken feeding and breeding technology

Breeder chicken feeding methods: It is of great significance to implement restricted feeding of breeder chickens: Restricted feeding is to control the weight of the chickens so as not to make the chickens too fat, in order to achieve sexual maturity and concentrated production. Restricted feeding can also promote the movement of breeder chickens, enhance the development of bones and organs, reduce feed waste, reduce feeding costs, reduce abdominal fat deposition, and reduce mortality during the laying period. Restricted feeding is achieved through planned control of the chicken's dietary nutrient level, feed intake, and feed intake time. The specific methods are as follows:

(1) The time-limited method mainly controls the feed intake by controlling the chicken's feed intake time to achieve the purpose of controlling body weight and sexual maturity. ① Feed a certain amount of feed every day, or specify the number of feedings and the time for each feed intake. This method is less stressful for the chickens. ②Limited feeding on alternate days: feed for 1 day and stop for 1 day. Feed the two-day restricted amount of feed in one day. Let the chickens eat freely for 8-10 hours, and only provide water for the rest of the time, so as to obtain a group with high consistency that meets the target weight. High-intensity feeding restriction methods are only implemented at necessary stages. For example, the period between 7 and 12 weeks of age for broiler breeders is the period when their weight increases rapidly during the entire breeding period. If not managed properly, it may cause overweight or uneven size. It affects the uniformity of the group, so it is recommended to use alternate-day feeding restrictions between 7 and 12 weeks of age. Feed restriction is mainly based on the intensity of weight gain control, rather than blindly.

(2) The quality limitation method is to limit the nutritional level of feed. Generally, the energy, protein content, and even lysine content are reduced, or the fiber content is increased to achieve the purpose of limiting the growth and development of chickens. In the practical application of broiler breeders, the supply of energy and protein in the diet should be limited at the same time, while other nutrients such as vitamins, minerals, and trace elements should be fully supplied to meet the growth of the chicken body and various organs. developmental needs. This nutritional restriction can also reduce body fat deposition in chickens, allowing them to reach sexual and physical maturity at the appropriate age.

(2) The limit law stipulates the feed consumption of chickens every day, every week, or at a certain stage. The supply of broiler breeders is generally calculated based on 60% to 80% of the free food intake. Most breeding units implement a comprehensive feeding restriction program for broiler breeders, which is a combination of various feeding restriction methods.

Precautions for feeding breeder chickens:

First, when applying for the restricted feeding program, it should be noted that the amount of feed on any feeding day cannot exceed the amount during the peak egg production period.

Second, to restrict feeding, there must be enough feed troughs, drinking fountains, and a reasonable chicken house area so that each chicken can eat, drink and move equally.

Third, the main purpose of feeding restriction is to limit the intake of energy feed, while vitamins, minerals, and trace elements must meet the nutritional needs of chickens.

Fourth, restricted feeding can cause hunger and stress and easily induce bad habits. Therefore, the beaks of hens should be correctly trimmed before restricting feeding (at 7 to 10 days of age), and the inner toes and spacing of roosters should also be trimmed.

Fifth, pay close attention to the health of the chickens when restricting feeding. When chickens are under stressful conditions such as illness, vaccination, or group transfer, they should consider increasing feed or temporarily resuming ad libitum feeding, and increasing anti-stress vitamin C and vitamin E.

Sixth, it is best to raise male and female chickens separately during the breeding period, which is beneficial to weight control.

Seventh, no gravel should be fed on the days when feeding is stopped. For growing chickens raised flatly, 300 grams of medium-grained insoluble granite gravel can be added to every 100 chickens per week.

Adverse effects of feeding:,

1. Deterioration of the indoor environment. At present, quantitative feeding is usually used to limit the feeding of broiler breeders, that is, by controlling the feeding quantity to limit the protein and energy intake of the chickens. In this case, because the chickens' feed intake is controlled, about half of the chickens are interested in drinking water. A large amount of drinking water and water brought out by neck feathers can easily lead to moisture in the litter in the house. Therefore, the environment should be well controlled.

2. Causing nutritional deficiencies. For breeder chickens in the feeding restriction stage, if vitamins, minerals, and other necessary ingredients for chicken growth and development are still fed at regular concentrations, the intake of some essential substances will inevitably be reduced due to insufficient feed intake. , over time it can cause a series of nutritional deficiencies.

3. Food grabbing causes the chickens to be crushed to death and bloated. Breeders in the restricted feeding period often show a strong sense of hunger when the time after eating is long, especially on non-feeding days. When feeding, strive to be fast, finish the feed in a short time, and try to feed when there is no light. Supply sufficient drinking water before feeding, and the water source should not be too far from the trough. This can avoid the occurrence of crushing and swelling.

4. Reducing the effect of drug use The general range of drug use is calculated based on the normal feed intake of chickens and other factors. During the feeding restriction period, if drug additives are added to the feed at the normal drug concentration, the reduction in feed intake will lead to The amount of drug absorption being reduced, so that the therapeutic and preventive effects of the drug cannot be exerted, causing the occurrence of certain diseases. Therefore, when using feed shake medicine, the dosage should be increased by 30% on a normal basis, or the restricted feeding should be temporarily changed to ad libitum feeding.